I-Soda-yeglasi yekalika, nekwaziwa njengesoda-iglasi yekalika{2}}yesilica, yenza ngaphezulu kwe-90% yemveliso yebhotile yeglasi yehlabathi jikelele. Ime njengeyona ndleko-esebenzayo, eguquguqukayo, kunye nemathiriyeli yeglasi enokuphinda isetyenziswe ukupakishwa kwemihla ngemihla kunye nokusetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso. Iqulathe uzinzo olulungeleleneyo lwekhemikhali, ukubumba okugqwesileyo, kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo koomatshini, iibhotile zeglasi zesoda{7}}zekalika zilawula ukutya, isiselo, izinto zokuthambisa, kunye neemarike zokupakishwa kwamayeza. Esi sikhokelo sichaza ngokubanzi iimpawu zayo eziphambili zoshishino ukusuka kwimigaqo yokuyila, ukuphuhliswa komngundo, ukulawula ubunzima bebhotile, izinto eziphathekayo, ukunyanzeliswa koxinzelelo kwiimeko zesicelo, ukubonelela ngokucacileyo kunye nokucwangciswa kwemboniselo yoshishino.
1. Ukubunjwa kwezinto ezingundoqo kunye neePropati eziSisiseko
I-Soda -iglasi ye-lime yi-compound inorganic material ene-formula evuthiweyo kwaye ezinzileyo, equlunqwe ngokuyinhloko yi-70-75% ye-silica sand (SiO₂), i-12-15% ye-soda ash (i-sodium oxide), i-5-12% ye-limestone (i-calcium oxide), kunye nenxalenye encinci ye-additives encedisayo ye-magnesium kunye ne-alumina oxide. Icandelo ngalinye lisebenza ngenjongo ekhethekileyo yokusebenza: i-silica yenza i-skeleton ye-structural eqinile yeglasi; Uthuthu lwesoda lusebenza njenge-flux yokunciphisa ubushushu obuphezulu bokunyibilika kwe-silica, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuvelisa kunye nokuphucula ukubumba; Ikalika isebenza njengesizinzisi ukomeleza ubulukhuni beglasi, ukunganyangeki kwamanzi, kunye nokuqina kweekhemikhali, ukunqanda ukubola kwesakhiwo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide{8}. Izongezo ezincedisayo zongeza ngakumbi ukungafihli, ukuxhathisa impembelelo, kunye nokuzinza kwe-thermal ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokupakisha.
Ngokungafaniyo neglasi yeborosilicate ephezulu-yesoda{1}}yeglasi yekalika ibonakalisa uzinzo oluqhelekileyo lwe-thermal kunye nokungeneka kancinane kwamanzi kodwa iqhayisa ngenzuzo engenakuthelekiswa nanto kwixabiso lemveliso yobuninzi, i-ductility, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokurisayikilisha. Inokuphinda isetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokuthotywa komgangatho, ilungelelaniswa nemigangatho yokupakisha ezinzileyo yehlabathi, eyenza ibe lolona khetho luphambili lokupakishwa kweglasi yabantu.
2. IiNgcaciso zoYilo lweBhotile yeglasi kunye neMigaqo yoShishino
Isoda- uyilo lwebhotile yeglasi yekalika igxile kumacala amathathu angundoqo: ulwakhiwo lwengqiqo, ukusetyenziswa komsebenzisi, kunye nokuba nokwenzeka kwemveliso. Zonke izisombululo zoyilo kufuneka zilinganise umboniso wobuhle, ukusebenza koomatshini, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.
2.1 Uyilo loLwakhiwo
Isoda eqhelekileyo-iibhotile zeglasi yekalika zilandela ulwakhiwo oluphuculweyo lwemizi-mveliso kuquka umlomo webhotile, intamo, igxalaba, umzimba, kunye nesiseko. Uyilo lomlomo webhotile luhambelana ngokungqongqo neminqwazi esemgangathweni yehlabathi (izikruqi, iikepusi, iikepusi -eziphezulu) ukuqinisekisa ukutywinwa okuqinileyo kunye nokunqanda ukuvuza. Ihlombe ngokuqhelekileyo lithatha inguqu ye-arc egudileyo, esasaza uxinzelelo lwangaphandle kunye nokunciphisa ukuphuka ngexesha lokuthutha kunye nokupakisha. Umzimba webhotile ugcina ubukhulu bodonga obufanayo ukunqanda uxinzelelo oluyinxenye, ngelixa i-concave anti-isiseko sokutyibilika siphucula uzinzo lulonke kwaye luxhathisa ukuguquka phantsi koxinzelelo oluthe nkqo.
2.2 Imbonakalo kunye noYilo oluSebenzayo
Ngokwenkangeleko, iibhotile ze-soda{0}}zeglasi yekalika zixhasa i-transparent, green, kunye ne-amber tinting. Iglasi ecacileyo ibonisa ngokupheleleyo ukuthungwa kwemveliso kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiziselo zemihla ngemihla kunye nokutya; Iglasi eluhlaza ivimba ukukhanya okubonakalayo kunye nokunciphisa ukuwohloka kwe-oxidative yesiqulatho; Iglasi yeamber ibonelela ngokugqwesileyo kokuxhathisa kwe-UV, ngokusebenzayo ikhusela ukukhanya{2}}iimveliso ezibuthathaka ezifana ne-oyile ebalulekileyo, amayeza, kunye neziselo zobugcisa. Ngeli xesha, uyilo olulungiselelweyo olufana nomphezulu weqabaka, iilogo ezikroliweyo, kunye neepateni ezikroliweyo zonke ziyafezekiseka ngenxa yomgangatho ophezulu wokubumba{4}}umsebenzi wokuzalisa.
2.3 IMveliso{1}}Imigaqo yoYilo oluSetyenzisiweyo
Uyilo kufuneka luthintele iikona ezibukhali ngokugqithisileyo,{0}}iindonga ezicekethekileyo zengingqi, kunye nezakhiwo ezilinganayo. Imilo enzima kakhulu iya kubangela ukupholisa okungalinganiyo ngexesha lokubumba, okukhokelela kuxinzelelo lwangaphakathi, ukuqhekeka, okanye amazinga aphantsi esivuno. Ukwenziwa lula okufanelekileyo ngundoqo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nokunciphisa amazinga aneziphene kwisoda{3}}iibhotile zeglasi yekalika.
3. Ukuvulwa kokungunda kunye neNkqubo yokuVelisa
Uphuhliso lomngundo likhonkco elingundoqo elimisela ukumila kokugqibela, ukuchaneka kobukhulu, kunye nomgangatho womphezulu wesoda{0}}iibhotile zeglasi yekalika. Imveliso yesoda -kubumba ibhotile yekalika yeglasi ithatha ubukhulu becala-intsimbi eyintsimbi echanekileyo kunye nemathiriyeli yentsimbi yealloyi, ebonisa ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukuxhathisa ukunxiba, kunye nesantya esisezantsi soguquko ukuziqhelanisa-nexesha elide eliphezulu{5}}lomjikelo wokubumba iglasi yobushushu.
3.1 Inkqubo yoPhuhliso lokungunda
Yonke inkqubo yokuvula i-mold ibandakanya ukuqinisekiswa koyilo, imodeli ye-3D, ukulungiswa kwesakhelo sokubumba, ukupholisa umgodi, ukubunjwa kwesilingo, kunye nokuhlaziywa kokuhlaziywa. Okokuqala, abaqulunqi bemizi-mveliso baguqula iimfuno zokwenziwa kwabathengi zibe yimizobo esemgangathweni ye-3D yolwakhiwo kwaye baqinisekise ukunyamezelana komda, i-engile yokudiliza, kunye nokulingana kodonga. Emva kokuba ukungunda kwenziwe ngoomatshini, ukupolisha kakuhle kuqhutywa ngaphakathi kumngxunya ukuqinisekisa ukuba umphezulu webhotile yeglasi ugudile kwaye awunamaqamu, imikrwelo, okanye imigca yokungunda. Emva kokuveliswa kovavanyo, umenzi ulungelelanisa izithuba zokubumba kunye neenkqubo zokupholisa ngokweziphene zebhotile ezigqityiweyo de iimveliso zihlangabezane nemigangatho yoshishino.
3.2 Ulwahlulo lokungunda kunye nesicelo
Isoda -imixokomezo yeglasi yekalika yahlulwe yanga-umngxuma omnye kunye -nomngxunya omninzi. Umngundo omnye{4}}womngxunya omnye ulungele-ibhetshi encinci, ephezulu{6}}iibhotile ezichanekileyo ezenziwe ngegcisa; ezininzi -i-cavity molds (i-6-cavity, i-8-cavity, i-12-cavity) isetyenziswe kwimveliso yobuninzi beebhotile eziqhelekileyo, ukuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwemveliso. Ukongezelela, inkqubo yokupholisa i-mold ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuzinza kweebhotile: ukupholisa okufanayo okujikelezayo kuqinisekisa ukuguquguquka kodonga oluhambelanayo kunye nokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi olushiyekileyo.
4. Umgangatho weBottle Weight & Optimization Logic
Ubunzima bebhotile luphawu olungundoqo lokulinganisa ixabiso, ukuqina, kunye nokuphatheka kwisoda{0}}ukuveliswa kwebhotile yeglasi yekalika. Ubunzima obugqithisileyo bunyusa iindleko zempahla kunye nemithwalo yokuthutha, ngelixa ubunzima obunganeleyo bukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukunyanzeliswa koxinzelelo kunye nobuthathaka.
4.1 ImiGangatho yokuhlela ubunzima
Isoda yeshishini-iibhotile zeglasi yekalika zohlulwe zibelula-ubunzima,{2}}ubunzima obuqhelekileyo, kunye neentlobo-ezinzima. -Iibhotile zobunzima obulula zisetyenziselwa ukupakishwa kwesiselo esilahlwayo njengamanzi aneminerali kunye neziselo zesoda, ezinodonga olubhityileyo nolufanayo, ubunzima obulula, kunye nexabiso eliphantsi, ukuhlangabezana{6}} nokusetyenziswa kwexesha elifutshane kunye neemfuno zokujikeleza ngokukhawuleza. Iibhotile zobunzima eziqhelekileyo zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu, zisebenza kwicondiments zemihla ngemihla, izithambiso eziqhelekileyo, kunye nokutya okugciniweyo, ezinobunzima obulungeleleneyo kunye neempawu zoomatshini ukuze zisetyenziswe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunye{9}}nezothutho ezide. Enzima{11}}iibhotile ezityetyisiweyo zenzelwe iimeko eziphezulu zemfuno{12}ezifana neziselo{13}ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwekhabhoni kunye neemveliso ezitywiniweyo, ezinobungqingqwa bodonga kunye nobunzima bubonke ukomeleza uxinzelelo kunye noxhathiso.
4.2 UMmiselo woPhuculo loMzimba
Iifektri zale mihla zeebhotile zeglasi zisebenzisa itekhnoloji yokuphucula ukukhanya kwisiseko sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kokhuseleko. Ngokulungelelanisa umlinganiselo wezinto ezikrwada kunye nokuphucula iiparamitha zokupholisa umngundo, bafezekisa ukuhanjiswa okufanayo koxinzelelo kumzimba webhotile, ukunciphisa izinto zeglasi ezingafunekiyo ngelixa zigcina uzinzo. Oku kuphucula ngokufanelekileyo kunciphisa iindleko zemveliso, kuthoba ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni yothutho, kwaye kuhambelane nentsingiselo yophuhliso olukhaphukhaphu lokupakishwa okuluhlaza kwehlabathi.
5. Ukusebenza kweMathiriyeli kunye neCapacity Resistance
Ukumelana noxinzelelo yiparameter yokhuseleko olubalulekileyo lwesoda-iibhotile zeglasi yekalika, emisela iimeko ezisebenzayo zokuzalisa kunye neendawo zokugcina. Umthamo wokunyanzeliswa kwengcinezelo uchaphazeleka kakhulu kwifomula yezinto eziphathekayo, isakhiwo sebhotile, ubukhulu bodonga, kunye nenkqubo yokubumba.
5.1 IiPropati eziSisiseko zoomatshini
Isoda efanelekileyo-iibhotile zeglasi yekalika zinamandla acinezelayo alungileyo kodwa zinokuqina okuphantsi kunye nokuxhathisa impembelelo. Isakhiwo sezinto ezilinganayo siqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo koxinzelelo oluthe nkqo, ngelixa ulwakhiwo olugudileyo lwe-arc lomzimba webhotile luphepha ukuphuka koxinzelelo lwendawo. Nge-inertness ezinzileyo yeekhemikhali, abaphenduli nge-asidi ebuthakathaka, i-alkali ebuthakathaka, okanye i-aqueous solutions, ukukhusela ukubola kunye nomonakalo wesakhiwo obangelwa ukuwohloka komxholo.
5.2 Ulwahlulo lokuchasana noxinzelelo kunye neeParamitha
Isoda eqhelekileyo eqhelekileyo-iibhotile zeglasi yekalika (yejusi, amanzi asulungekileyo, kunye nesosi) inokumelana noxinzelelo olumileyo lwe-0.2–0.4 MPa, iqhelana noxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lomoya kunye nokuzaliswa kolwelo oluqhelekileyo. Iibhotile ze-carbonated drinked beverage zinokumelana noxinzelelo lwe-0.5-0.8 MPa, ekwazi ukuthwala uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi oluveliswa yi-carbon dioxide dissolution. Imizi-mveliso elungiselelwe phezulu{7}}iibhotile ezikwaziyo ukumelana noxinzelelo zinokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-1.0 MPa, zilungele iziselo ezikhethekileyo ezivundisiweyo kunye neemveliso ezifakwe umoya. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba i-soda{10}}yeglasi yekalika inokumelana nokothuka kwe-thermal; ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa ngokukhawuleza okanye ukuhla kuya kuvelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi, ukunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa koxinzelelo kunye nokwenza lula ukuqhekeka.
5.3 Imiba ePhambili eChaphazela ukuchasana noxinzelelo
Ubukhulu bodonga obufanayo yeyona nto iphambili: iindonga ezingalinganiyo zikhokelela ekuthwaleni uxinzelelo olungaguqukiyo, kunciphisa kakhulu ukuxhathisa uxinzelelo. Iziphene zoyilo lwezakhiwo ezinje ngeekona ezibukhali kunye namagxa amancinci nawo aya kwenza amanqaku okuxininisa, abangele umonakalo ogqabhukileyo phantsi koxinzelelo oluncinci lwangaphakathi. Ukongeza, uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo oluveliswa kukupholisa umngundo okungenangqiqo ngexesha lemveliso luyakwenza buthathaka ngokufihlakeleyo ukuxhathisa koxinzelelo lwebhotile kunye -nokusebenza kokuwa.
6. Iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokuSebenza
Kuxhomekeke kuncedo lweendleko, iipropathi zekhemikhali ezizinzileyo, kunye nenkangeleko enokwenziwa ngokwezifiso, iibhotile zeglasi yekalika yesoda zigquma phantse onke amasimi okupakisha eglasi, ngokusetyenziswa ekujoliswe kuko kumashishini ahlukeneyo:
6.1 Ishishini lokutya kunye neziselo
Le yeyona ndawo inkulu yesicelo. Isoda ecacileyo{1}}iibhotile zeglasi yekalika zisetyenziselwa amanzi aneminerali, incindi yeziqhamo, ubisi, kunye neziselo zeti; Iibhotile eziluhlaza kunye ne-amber zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwibhiya, iziselo zekhabhoni, kunye neziselo ezivundisiweyo ukunqanda ukukhanya{2}}okubangela ukonakala. Ukongeza, iibhotile ezahlukeneyo zesosi, iingqayi zobusi, izikhongozeli zejam, kunye neebhotile zokutya ezinkonkxiweyo zonke zisebenzisa isoda esemgangathweni{4}}imathiriyeli yeglasi yekalika, ekhuselekileyo,{5}engenatyhefu,{6}}enokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, kwaye iphinde isetyenziswe.
6.2 Ishishini lezokuThatha kunye neMichiza yeMihla yonke
Isoda-Iibhotile zeglasi yekalika zezona zikhethwayo zeziphakathi nezisezantsi{1}}izithambiso zokuthambisa kunye neekhemikhali zemihla ngemihla. Iibhotile ze-frosted transparent zisetyenziselwa iitoni zobuso kunye nelotion; iibhotile ze-amber tinted zilungele i-oyile ezibalulekileyo, i-essces, kunye nokukhanya-imveliso ye-skincare. Ukucaca okuphezulu kwemathiriyeli kunye nobuthathaka obuthambileyo buphucula umgangatho wemveliso, ngelixa ukungafihli kweekhemikhali kuqinisekisa ukuba akukho mpendulo ngezithako zokuthambisa kwaye iqinisekisa ukhuseleko lobomi beshelufa yemveliso.
6.3 Ishishini lezamayeza
Isoda yodidi lwesithathu-iibhotile zeglasi yekalika ezidibana ne-USP kunye nemigangatho yamayeza e-EP zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiibhotile zolwelo lomlomo, iibhotile zesiraphu, kunye neebhotile zokupakisha zepilisi eziqhelekileyo. Babonisa ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kwe-hydrolytic, akukho mvula yezinto ezinobungozi, kunye nokusebenza okuzinzile, ukuhlangabezana nesiseko esingenazintsholongwane kunye neemfuno ezikhuselekileyo zokupakishwa zamayeza omlomo wemihla ngemihla.
6.4 Ukupakishwa kweKhaya & ngokweSiko
Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, isoda{0}}iglasi yekalika isetyenziselwa ukugcina iijagi, iingqayi zekhandlela, iibhotile zesinongo, kunye nezikhongozeli zeglasi ezenziwe ngesandla. Ukubunjwa kwayo okutyebileyo kuxhasa iimilo zomntu kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwelogo, ukulinganisa ukusebenza kunye nexabiso lokuhombisa.
7. Izinto eziluncedo kuShishino kunye neXabiso loPhuhliso
Njengemathiriyeli yeglasi evuthiweyo, isoda{0}}iglasi yekalika ayinakutshintshwa yiplastiki kunye nemathiriyeli eqhelekileyo yepolymer kwindawo{1}} yokupakishwa ephezulu. Iinzuzo zayo ezingundoqo zilele kwi-100% yokuphinda isetyenziswe, imvula yekhemikhali eyi-zero, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle komqobo, kunye neendleko eziphantsi zokuvelisa. Ngogxininiso lwehlabathi kukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko lokutya, umgangatho ophezulu-ukhaphukhaphu,{6}}ucinezelo oluphezulu, kunye nesoda elungiselelweyo{7}}iibhotile zeglasi yekalika ngokuthe ngcembe zisiba yeyona ndlela iphambili kushishino, ngethemba lokusetyenziswa kwemarike ngokubanzi.
